6
Videretur: video in the passive sometimes means "seem", as in "she seemed lovely", from the literal "be seen"
7
In phrases with of, Romans prefer using the adjective that means "of [something]" rather than the genitive (if the adjective exists, of course). E.g. thermae Neronianae, with Neroianae being the plural of Neroniana, which is an adjective meaning "of Nero". This means if you had to choose between locative or genitive, it's probably locative. E.g. foro Romanae, with Romanae as a locative noun = (abl) forum [in] Rome (rather thah the forum of Rome); foro Romano (with Romano as an adjective) = Roman forum/forum of Rome.
8
compound verbs often take the dative as their object
Kind of weird construction in Eutropius Breviarum 7.17
Otho occiso Galba invasit imperium, materno genere nobilior quam paterno, neutro tamen obscuro.
"materno genere ... quam paterno" is saying "his maternal family is ... than paternal family"
and ^ is an ablative of respect
Not: Otho more noble than his mother's family
Not: Otho more noble than his father's family
Yes: Otho was more noble, in regard to his mother's family, than in regard to his father's.
Note: it's not an ablative of comparison, because ablative of compasion doesn't have quam. It's a normal quam of comparison, between the two ablatives of respect.
9
10
for late latin, "unless you get a strong signal that the subject has changed, assume it's the same" - Mr Brophy
Ille, illa, illud usually indicates a change of subject
11
if you see something like "x et y", "x atque y", etc, x and y are often the same case and the same part of speech. But not always.
E.g. haec atque talia lacrimis et arte
not always: potentiam matris et credente nullo
16
civilitatis et fortitudinis: genitive of quality
primum consul fuit: he was the first consul in his family, primum is an adverb. The Roman term is consul ordine or sth.
1
metre - can comment on it but only when it's really obvious, aka lines of four spondees or four dactyls.
3
it's a really common pattern in hexameter to place a noun at the end of a line and put the adjective as the first word.
you can use this to help you with translation
sollemnis taurum ingentum mactabat ad aras
-> taurum has an adj, so aras, the other noun in the line, probs has an adj too
4
historical infinitive
used to express brevity of an action, translated as imperf
19
relative pronouns match gender and number but not case
20
latin likes to use qui, quae, quod for he, she, without the relative flavour. so quorum is translated as their instead of whose.
21
complement
X is Y
X = subject
Y = complement
SLIGHTLY different from apposition