3 – Aeneas’s journey – physical, emotional, moral
3a
Hector appears to Aeneas in a dream [II.268-297]
268 to 273
Tempus erat quo prima quies mortalibus aegris
incipit et dono diuum gratissima serpit.
in somnis, ecce, ante oculos maestissimus Hector
uisus adesse mihi largosque effundere fletus,
raptatus bigis ut quondam, aterque cruento
puluere perque pedes traiectus lora tumentis.
Time was at which the most pleasing gratissima, SG FM first sleep incites and I give
the sky creeps with a gift.
diuum = divum, divorum maybe?
divum sky
dono - donum doni gift
aegris
aeger, ri adj, ill sick sorrowful weak. gen. SG or PL nom./acc.
mortalis mortal
tempus temporis neuter
274 to 280
ei mihi, qualis erat, quantum mutatus ab illo
Hectore qui redit exuuias indutus Achilli
uel Danaum Phrygios iaculatus puppibus ignis!
squalentem barbam et concretos sanguine crinis
uulneraque illa gerens, quae circum plurima muros
accepit patrios. ultro flens ipse uidebar
compellare uirum et maestas expromere uoces:
such changed from that Hector who returned, dressed in Achilles' stripped off armour, or [who] hurled Phrygian fire at the Greek ships,—he bears a beard covered in dirt and hair that has been congealed with blood and those wounds, which he recieved very many times around the ancestral walls.
beyond the weeping of power itself, I seemed to address the man and to express the grieving voices:
281 to 285
'o lux Dardaniae, spes o fidissima Teucrum,
quae tantae tenuere morae? quibus Hector ab oris
exspectate uenis? ut te post multa tuorum
funera, post uarios hominumque urbisque labores
defessi aspicimus! quae causa indigna serenos
foedauit uultus? aut cur haec uulnera cerno?'
'o lux Dardaniae, spes o fidissima Teucrum,
quae tantae tenuere tenuerunt supply te morae? quibus Hector ab oris
exspectate uenis? ut te post multa tuorum ~> your people
funera funeral or death, post uarios hominumque urbisque labores
defessi aspicimus! quae causasubject indigna serenos
foedauit uultus? aut cur haec uulnera plural cerno?'
"O the light of Troy, o the most faithful hope of the Trojans, what great obstacle wears you down? You come, waiting Hector, from what shores? That we, exhausted, see you, after many deaths of your people, after various labours of the peoples and the city? What unworthy cause has despoiled the serene faces? Or why do I see these wounds?
287 to 297
original text
ille nihil, nec me quaerentem uana moratur,
sed grauiter gemitus imo de pectore ducens,
'heu fuge, nate dea, teque his' ait 'eripe flammis.
hostis habet muros; ruit alto a culmine Troia.
sat patriae Priamoque datum: si Pergama dextra
defendi possent, etiam hac defensa fuissent.
sacra suosque tibi commendat Troia penatis;
hos cape fatorum comites, his moenia quaere
magna pererrato statues quae denique ponto.'
sic ait et manibus uittas Vestamque potentem
aeternumque adytis effert penetralibus ignem.
annotated text
ille sbj ellipsis: insert "says" nihil, nec me quaerentem uana obj of quaerentem, substantive moratur deponent verb of ille present from moror, morari, moratus sum, NOT morior, mori (to die)
sed grauiter adv "gravely" gemitus groan, acc PL, obj/ducens "twin" is geMINus imo from imus, ima, imum: deepes, dsc/pectore de pectore abl.w/de ducens dsc/ille,
'heu fuge imperative, nate addressing Aeneas dea ~> deae, teque te ~> yourself..? do reflexives work like that?? his app/flammis' ait verb of ille, pres and perf are both "ait" 'eripe flammis abl.separation, PL
hostis sbj nom S habet muros; ruit it meaning to collapse/rush down like a river alto dsc/culmine a culmine culmen, culminis abl N Troia sbj.
sat --> satis substantial adj sbj patriae dat.indirect-obj Priamoque dat.indirect-obj datum insert "est": si introduces protosis Pergama Pergama, Pergamorum NT P "Troy" sbj dextra --> hand --> sword Jones commentary says it's dextrā, so ablative work out from context that it's abl.instrument dextra could be from {dextra, dextrae, F} or {dextrum, dextri, N}. but thanks commentary
defendi pas pres inf yes the {ind-act perf 1ps S} looks the same vt, but there's no obj for it..? possent P impf sjt, protosis not true, etiam hac could be abl.inst of haec OR adv hāc "by this way" could be referring either to the 10 year war, or Hector's hand/sword defensa defensă, from Jones commentary isn't it some sort of technique where the same word is used repeatedly with different inflections fuissent verb of Pergama.
sacra could take as dsc/Troia or dsc/penatis or NT P substantive "sacred things". suosque dsc/penatis tibi indirect obj commendat Troia sbj penatis N PL acc;
hos app/comites referring to penatis cape fatorum comites acc PL, his dat.advantage moenia PL N quaere imp
magna pererrato dsc/ponto, abl.absolute statues futr of statuo quae acc app/moenia denique NOT deni+que, going with pererrato ponto meaning the sea.'
sic ait et manibus abl.inst uittas Vestamque meaning a statue of vesta vittas Vestamque: hendiadys potentem
aeternumque adytis abl.separation effert penetralibus dsc/adytis ignem.
hendiadys
hendiadys = greek for one through two
hen (one) | dia (through) | dys (two)
where you have to get one idea from two kind of separate ideas??
so "vittas Vestamque" is somehow the (statue, inferred) of Vesta, which has been adorned with headbands.
adytis
where the gods themselves live??? like only the highest priests can go inside once in a very long time?? because you're not allowed to go inside people's houses randomly??
like inside the temple is the "cella" and inside the cella is another room called the "adytis"??
priorities
note that Aeneas is explicitly told to 1) save himself and 2) save the gods and 3) build a home for the gods. not like save his family or anything. so to display pietas and obey orders, he has to put this mission above his family and like Dido and other stuff
translation
He says nothing, nor allows me (who is questioning empty things), but gravely dragging groans from the deepest chest, "Alas, flee, son of a goddess, and take yourself from these flames", he says, "the enemy has [these] walls; Troy falls from the high summit. Enough has been given [meaning: "you have fufilled all your obligations to"] to Priam and the fatherland: if Troy were able to defend with the hand, certainly it would have been defended this way. Troy entrusts its household gods to you; take these friends of fate, seek great walls for them, which [= the walls] you will build, with sea finally having been traversed." He said this, and raised (with his hands) the sacred garments and the powerful Vesta and the eternal fire from the innermost sanctuaries.
3b
Aeneas’ speech during the storm [I.81-103]
Haec ubi dicta, cauum conuersa cuspide montem
impulit in latus; ac uenti uelut agmine facto,
qua data porta, ruunt et terras turbine perflant.
incubuere mari totumque a sedibus imis
una Eurusque Notusque ruunt creberque procellis 85
Africus, et uastos uoluunt ad litora fluctus.
insequitur clamorque uirum stridorque rudentum;
eripiunt subito nubes caelumque diemque
Teucrorum ex oculis; ponto nox incubat atra;
intonuere poli et crebris micat ignibus aether 90
praesentemque uiris intentant omnia mortem.
extemplo Aeneae soluuntur frigore membra;
ingemit et duplicis tendens ad sidera palmas
talia uoce refert: 'o terque quaterque beati,
quis ante ora patrum Troiae sub moenibus altis 95
contigit oppetere! o Danaum fortissime gentis
Tydide! mene Iliacis occumbere campis
non potuisse tuaque animam hanc effundere dextra,
saeuus ubi Aeacidae telo iacet Hector, ubi ingens
Sarpedon, ubi tot Simois correpta sub undis 100
scuta uirum galeasque et fortia corpora uoluit!'
Talia iactanti stridens Aquilone procella
uelum aduersa ferit, fluctusque ad sidera tollit.
3c. Aeneas’ speech consoling his people [I.198-222]
idk
original
'O socii (neque enim ignari sumus ante malorum),
o passi grauiora, dabit deus his quoque finem.
uos et Scyllaeam rabiem penitusque sonantis 200
accestis scopulos, uos et Cyclopia saxa
experti: reuocate animos maestumque timorem
mittite; forsan et haec olim meminisse iuuabit.
per uarios casus, per tot discrimina rerum
tendimus in Latium, sedes ubi fata quietas 205
ostendunt; illic fas regna resurgere Troiae.
durate, et uosmet rebus seruate secundis.'
Talia uoce refert curisque ingentibus aeger
spem uultu simulat, premit altum corde dolorem.
annotated text
'O socii (neque enim ignari sumus ante malorum),
o passi substantive grauiora comparative substantive obj of passi, dabit futr deus his quoque finem.
uos et Scyllaeam rabiem penitusque adv sonantis dsc/scopulos
accestis scopulos, uos et Cyclopia saxa
experti: reuocate animos maestumque timorem
mittite; forsan et haec olim meminisse iuuabit. vi, supply nos or vos
per uarios casus, per tot discrimina rerum
tendimus in Latium, sedes ubi fata quietas
ostendunt; illic fas regna resurgere Troiae.
durate, et uosmet rebus seruate secundis.'
Talia uoce refert curisque ingentibus aeger dsc/invisible subject of refert, simulat, etc.
spem uultu simulat, premit altum corde dolorem.
translation
Oh comrades, we are indeed not ignorant of evils prior, oh, those who have suffered worse, a god will give an end to this also. You attacked the ferocity of Scylla, and echoing rocks deep within, you experienced rocks of Cyclops: summon [your] spirits, and send away tearful fear: perhaps at some point, it will help us to recall these. Through various mishaps, through the whole fluctuation of things, we strive towards Latium, where fates point out restful homes; from there the kingdoms of troy will be right (according to the gods) to rise again. Endure, and save yourselves (with urgency) for favourable things.
He says (lit. carried) such with his voice, and, sick with great troubles, simulates hope with his face, and presses the deep sadness of the heart.
semantic notes:
- sonantis: the rocks are echoing because it's a cave and the six dog heads of Scylla are barking.
hw: start 3e
idk #2
illi se praedae accingunt dapibusque futuris: 210
tergora diripiunt costis et uiscera nudant;
pars in frusta secant ueribusque trementia figunt,
litore aëna locant alii flammasque ministrant.
tum uictu reuocant uiris, fusique per herbam
implentur ueteris Bacchi pinguisque ferinae. 215
postquam exempta fames epulis mensaeque remotae,
amissos longo socios sermone requirunt,
spemque metumque inter dubii, seu uiuere credant
siue extrema pati nec iam exaudire uocatos.
praecipue pius Aeneas nunc acris Oronti, 220
nunc Amyci casum gemit et crudelia secum
fata Lyci fortemque Gyan fortemque Cloanthum.
3d. Jupiter’s Prophecy [I.254-296]
Olli subridens hominum sator atque deorum
uultu, quo caelum tempestatesque serenat, 255
oscula libauit natae, dehinc talia fatur:
'parce metu, Cytherea, manent immota tuorum
fata tibi; cernes urbem et promissa Lauini
moenia, sublimemque feres ad sidera caeli
magnanimum Aenean; neque me sententia uertit. 260
hic tibi (fabor enim, quando haec te cura remordet,
longius et uoluens fatorum arcana mouebo)
bellum ingens geret Italia populosque ferocis
contundet moresque uiris et moenia ponet,
tertia dum Latio regnantem uiderit aestas 265
ternaque transierint Rutulis hiberna subactis.
at puer Ascanius, cui nunc cognomen Iulo
additur (Ilus erat, dum res stetit Ilia regno),
triginta magnos uoluendis mensibus orbis
imperio explebit, regnumque ab sede Lauini 270
transferet, et Longam multa ui muniet Albam.
hic iam ter centum totos regnabitur annos
gente sub Hectorea, donec regina sacerdos
Marte grauis geminam partu dabit Ilia prolem.
inde lupae fuluo nutricis tegmine laetus 275
Romulus excipiet gentem et Mauortia condet
moenia Romanosque suo de nomine dicet.
his ego nec metas rerum nec tempora pono:
imperium sine fine dedi. quin aspera Iuno,
quae mare nunc terrasque metu caelumque fatigat, 280
consilia in melius referet, mecumque fouebit
Romanos, rerum dominos gentemque togatam.
sic placitum. ueniet lustris labentibus aetas
cum domus Assaraci Pthiam clarasque Mycenas
seruitio premet ac uictis dominabitur Argis. 285
nascetur pulchra Troianus origine Caesar,
imperium Oceano, famam qui terminet astris,
Iulius, a magno demissum nomen Iulo.
hunc tu olim caelo spoliis Orientis onustum
accipies secura; uocabitur hic quoque uotis. 290
aspera tum positis mitescent saecula bellis:
cana Fides et Vesta, Remo cum fratre Quirinus
iura dabunt; dirae ferro et compagibus artis
claudentur Belli portae; Furor impius intus
saeua sedens super arma et centum uinctus aënis 295
post tergum nodis fremet horridus ore cruento.'
3e. Aeneas introduces himself to his mother [I.369-386]
‘[…] sed uos qui tandem? quibus aut uenistis ab oris?
quoue tenetis iter?' quaerenti talibus ille 370
suspirans imoque trahens a pectore uocem:
'O dea, si prima repetens ab origine pergam
et uacet annalis nostrorum audire laborum,
ante diem clauso componet Vesper Olympo.
nos Troia antiqua, si uestras forte per auris 375
Troiae nomen iit, diuersa per aequora uectos
forte sua Libycis tempestas appulit oris.
sum pius Aeneas, raptos qui ex hoste penatis
classe ueho mecum, fama super aethera notus;
Italiam quaero patriam, et genus ab Ioue summo. 380
bis denis Phrygium conscendi nauibus aequor,
matre dea monstrante uiam data fata secutus;
uix septem conuulsae undis Euroque supersunt.
ipse ignotus, egens, Libyae deserta peragro,
Europa atque Asia pulsus.' nec plura querentem 385
passa Venus medio sic interfata dolore est …
idk #929
He said (fero can also mean speech bruh) with his voice: oh and three times and four times blessed ones, for whom death came (perf) to pass (= who died) in front of the